School turn-around strategies
U.S. Department of Education interventions for persistently underperforming schools:
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Transformation model: Replace the principal, strengthen staffing, implement a research-based instructional program, provide extended learning time, and implement new governance and flexibility.
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Turnaround model: Replace the principal and rehire no more than 50 percent of the school staff, implement a research-based instructional program, provide extended learning time, and implement new governance structure.
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Restart model: Convert or close and reopen the school under the management of an effective charter operator, charter management organization, or education management organization.
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School closure model: Close the school and enroll students who attended it in other, higher-performing schools in the district.
—Source: “A Blueprint for Reform”